Research library
109 peer-reviewed studies on metabolic health
Full library at sureshotfatloss.com →- Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and Weight Gain: An Inpatient Randomized Controlled Trial of Ad Libitum Food Intake— Hall KD et al., Cell Metabolism (2019) · Strong evidence · Ultra-Processed Food
- Ultra-processed or minimally processed diets following healthy dietary guidelines on cardiometabolic health (UPDATE trial)— Dicken SJ et al., Nature Medicine (2025) · Moderate evidence · Ultra-Processed Food
- Ultra-processed foods: what they are and how to identify them— Monteiro CA et al., Public Health Nutrition (2019) · Moderate evidence · Ultra-Processed Food
- Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of obesity: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank— Rauber F et al., European Journal of Nutrition (2020) · Moderate evidence · Ultra-Processed Food
- Ultra-processed food intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study (NutriNet-Santé)— Srour B et al., BMJ (2019) · Moderate evidence · Ultra-Processed Food
- Persistent metabolic adaptation 6 years after 'The Biggest Loser' competition— Fothergill E et al., Obesity (2016) · Strong evidence · Metabolic Adaptation
- Quantification of the effect of energy imbalance on bodyweight— Hall KD et al., The Lancet (2011) · Strong evidence · Metabolic Adaptation
- Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity (STEP 1)— Wilding JPH et al., New England Journal of Medicine (2021) · Strong evidence · GLP-1 Drugs
- Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: the STEP 1 trial extension— Wilding JPH et al., Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism (2022) · Strong evidence · GLP-1 Drugs
- Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity (SURMOUNT-1)— Jastreboff AM et al., New England Journal of Medicine (2022) · Strong evidence · GLP-1 Drugs
- Body composition and cardiometabolic effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists: changes in lean mass— Linge J et al., Obesity Reviews (2024) · Moderate evidence · GLP-1 Drugs, Exercise & Strength
- Mechanisms of Insulin Action and Insulin Resistance— Petersen MC, Shulman GI, Physiological Reviews (2018) · Strong evidence · Insulin Resistance
- Reversal of type 2 diabetes: normalisation of beta cell function in association with decreased pancreas and liver triacylglycerol— Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Aribisala BS, Chen MJ, Mathers JC, Taylor R, Diabetologia (2011) · Strong evidence · Insulin Resistance
- Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes (DiRECT): an open-label, cluster-randomised trial— Lean MEJ et al., The Lancet (2018) · Strong evidence · Insulin Resistance
- Metabolic Effects of Intermittent Fasting— Patterson RE, Sears DD, Annual Review of Nutrition (2017) · Moderate evidence · Fasting
- Cardiometabolic Benefits of Intermittent Fasting— Varady KA et al., Annual Review of Nutrition (2021) · Moderate evidence · Fasting
- Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss and Other Metabolic Parameters in Women and Men With Overweight and Obesity (TREAT)— Lowe DA et al., JAMA Internal Medicine (2020) · Moderate evidence · Fasting
- Re-evaluation of the traditional diet-heart hypothesis: analysis of recovered data from Minnesota Coronary Experiment (1968-73)— Ramsden CE et al., BMJ (2016) · Contested · Seed Oils
- Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease (Cochrane systematic review)— Hooper L et al., Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2020) · Moderate evidence · Seed Oils
- Omega-6 vegetable oils as a driver of coronary heart disease: the oxidized linoleic acid hypothesis— DiNicolantonio JJ, O'Keefe JH, Open Heart (2018) · Contested · Seed Oils
- Hunter-gatherer energetics and human obesity— Pontzer H et al., PLOS ONE (2012) · Moderate evidence · Ancestral Diet
- Paleolithic nutrition: a consideration of its nature and current implications— Eaton SB, Konner M, New England Journal of Medicine (1985) · Mechanism only · Ancestral Diet
- Origins and evolution of the Western diet: health implications for the 21st century— Cordain L et al., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2005) · Mechanism only · Ancestral Diet
- Sleep Duration and Quality: Impact on Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health (AHA scientific statement)— St-Onge MP et al., Circulation (2016) · Strong evidence · Sleep & Circadian
- Timing of food intake predicts weight loss effectiveness— Garaulet M et al., International Journal of Obesity (2013) · Moderate evidence · Sleep & Circadian
- Resistance training is medicine: effects of strength training on health— Westcott WL, Current Sports Medicine Reports (2012) · Moderate evidence · Exercise & Strength
- A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults— Morton RW et al., British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018) · Strong evidence · Exercise & Strength
- Dietary composition in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review to inform evidence-based guidelines— Moran LJ et al., Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (2013) · Moderate evidence · Women-Specific
- Perimenopause: From Research to Practice— Santoro N, Journal of Women's Health (2016) · Moderate evidence · Women-Specific
- Understanding weight gain at menopause— Davis SR et al., Climacteric (2012) · Moderate evidence · Women-Specific
- Ultra-processed food exposure and adverse health outcomes: umbrella review of epidemiological meta-analyses— Lane MM et al., BMJ (2024) · Moderate evidence · Ultra-Processed Food
- Ultra-processed foods and cardiometabolic health: public health policies to reduce consumption cannot wait— Touvier M et al., BMJ (2023) · Moderate evidence · Ultra-Processed Food
- Consumption of ultra-processed foods and cancer risk: results from NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort— Fiolet T et al., BMJ (2018) · Moderate evidence · Ultra-Processed Food
- Adaptive thermogenesis in humans— Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL, International Journal of Obesity (2010) · Strong evidence · Metabolic Adaptation
- Metabolic adaptation to weight loss: implications for the athlete— Trexler ET, Smith-Ryan AE, Norton LE, Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (2014) · Moderate evidence · Metabolic Adaptation
- Adaptive thermogenesis with weight loss in humans— Müller MJ, Bosy-Westphal A, Obesity (2013) · Strong evidence · Metabolic Adaptation
- Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes (SELECT)— Lincoff AM et al., New England Journal of Medicine (2023) · Strong evidence · GLP-1 Drugs, Heart Disease
- Semaglutide 2.4 mg once a week in adults with overweight or obesity, and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2)— Davies M et al., The Lancet (2021) · Strong evidence · GLP-1 Drugs, Insulin Resistance
- Two-year effects of semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity (STEP 5)— Garvey WT et al., Nature Medicine (2022) · Strong evidence · GLP-1 Drugs
- Bone health after exercise alone, GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment, or combination treatment— Jensen SBK et al., JAMA Network Open (2024) · Moderate evidence · GLP-1 Drugs, Exercise & Strength
- The pathogenesis of insulin resistance: integrating signaling pathways and substrate flux— Samuel VT, Shulman GI, Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016) · Strong evidence · Insulin Resistance
- Use and abuse of HOMA modeling— Wallace TM, Levy JC, Matthews DR, Diabetes Care (2004) · Strong evidence · Insulin Resistance
- Isocaloric fructose restriction and metabolic improvement in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome— Lustig RH et al., Obesity (2016) · Moderate evidence · Insulin Resistance
- Beta-cell function and remission of type 2 diabetes (5-year DiRECT extension)— Taylor R et al., The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2024) · Strong evidence · Insulin Resistance
- Calorie restriction with or without time-restricted eating in weight loss— Liu D et al., New England Journal of Medicine (2022) · Strong evidence · Fasting
- Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even without Weight Loss— Sutton EF et al., Cell Metabolism (2018) · Moderate evidence · Fasting, Insulin Resistance
- A randomized pilot study comparing zero-calorie alternate-day fasting to daily caloric restriction— Catenacci VA et al., Obesity (2016) · Moderate evidence · Fasting
- Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 18 countries (PURE)— Dehghan M et al., The Lancet (2017) · Contested · Seed Oils, Heart Disease
- Saturated Fats and Health: A Reassessment and Proposal for Food-Based Recommendations— Astrup A et al., Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020) · Contested · Seed Oils, Heart Disease
- Association of dietary, circulating, and supplement fatty acids with coronary risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis— Chowdhury R et al., Annals of Internal Medicine (2014) · Contested · Seed Oils, Heart Disease
- Use of dietary linoleic acid for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and death: evaluation of recovered data from the Sydney Diet Heart Study— Ramsden CE et al., BMJ (2013) · Contested · Seed Oils
- Constrained total energy expenditure and metabolic adaptation to physical activity in adult humans— Pontzer H et al., Current Biology (2016) · Strong evidence · Ancestral Diet, Metabolic Adaptation
- Achieving hunter-gatherer fitness in the 21st century: back to the future— O'Keefe JH et al., American Journal of Medicine (2010) · Moderate evidence · Ancestral Diet, Exercise & Strength
- Stroke in Papua New Guinea (Kitava study): the importance of cardiovascular risk factors in non-Westernized populations— Lindeberg S, Comparative Studies in Health Sciences and Anthropology (1994) · Mechanism only · Ancestral Diet, Heart Disease
- Brief communication: Sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite— Spiegel K et al., Annals of Internal Medicine (2004) · Strong evidence · Sleep & Circadian
- Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children and adults— Cappuccio FP et al., Sleep (2008) · Strong evidence · Sleep & Circadian
- Adverse metabolic and cardiovascular consequences of circadian misalignment— Scheer FAJL et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2009) · Strong evidence · Sleep & Circadian
- Adverse metabolic consequences in humans of prolonged sleep restriction combined with circadian disruption— Buxton OM et al., Science Translational Medicine (2012) · Strong evidence · Sleep & Circadian, Insulin Resistance
- The metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation— Knutson KL et al., Sleep Medicine Reviews (2007) · Moderate evidence · Sleep & Circadian
- Circadian Entrainment to the Natural Light-Dark Cycle across Seasons and the Weekend— Stothard ER et al., Current Biology (2017) · Moderate evidence · Sleep & Circadian
- Natural sleep and its seasonal variations in three pre-industrial societies— Yetish G et al., Current Biology (2015) · Moderate evidence · Sleep & Circadian, Ancestral Diet
- Protein supplementation augments the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to resistance-type exercise training: a meta-analysis— Cermak NM et al., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2012) · Strong evidence · Exercise & Strength, Protein Leverage
- Dose-response relationship between weekly resistance training volume and increases in muscle mass: a systematic review and meta-analysis— Schoenfeld BJ, Ogborn D, Krieger JW, Journal of Sports Sciences (2017) · Strong evidence · Exercise & Strength
- Resistance training for diabetes prevention and therapy: experimental findings and molecular mechanisms— Strasser B, Pesta D, BioMed Research International (2013) · Moderate evidence · Exercise & Strength, Insulin Resistance
- Dietary protein for athletes: from requirements to optimum adaptation— Phillips SM, Van Loon LJC, Journal of Sports Sciences (2011) · Strong evidence · Exercise & Strength, Protein Leverage
- The underappreciated role of muscle in health and disease— Wolfe RR, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2006) · Strong evidence · Exercise & Strength
- Resistance Training for Older Adults: Position Statement From the National Strength and Conditioning Association— Fragala MS et al., Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (2019) · Strong evidence · Exercise & Strength
- Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome— Teede HJ et al., Human Reproduction (2018) · Strong evidence · Women-Specific, Insulin Resistance
- Reproductive hormones and the menopause transition— Santoro N, Randolph JF, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America (2011) · Moderate evidence · Women-Specific
- Long-term effects of a randomised controlled trial comparing high protein or high carbohydrate weight loss diets on testosterone, SHBG, and erectile and urinary tract function in PCOS— Moran LJ et al., Clinical Endocrinology (2009) · Moderate evidence · Women-Specific
- International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete— Sims ST et al., Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (2023) · Moderate evidence · Women-Specific, Exercise & Strength
- Bone health management in midlife women— Papadakis GE et al., BMJ (2023) · Moderate evidence · Women-Specific, Exercise & Strength
- Revised estimates for the number of human and bacteria cells in the body— Sender R, Fuchs S, Milo R, PLOS Biology (2016) · Strong evidence · Gut Microbiome
- Gut Microbiota from Twins Discordant for Obesity Modulate Metabolism in Mice— Ridaura VK et al., Science (2013) · Moderate evidence · Gut Microbiome
- Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota— Rothschild D et al., Nature (2018) · Strong evidence · Gut Microbiome
- Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome— David LA et al., Nature (2014) · Strong evidence · Gut Microbiome
- An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest— Turnbaugh PJ et al., Nature (2006) · Moderate evidence · Gut Microbiome
- Diet-induced extinctions in the gut microbiota compound over generations— Sonnenburg ED et al., Nature (2016) · Moderate evidence · Gut Microbiome
- Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance— Cani PD et al., Diabetes (2007) · Moderate evidence · Gut Microbiome, Insulin Resistance
- Role of the gut microbiota in nutrition and health— Valdes AM et al., BMJ (2018) · Moderate evidence · Gut Microbiome
- Obesity: the protein leverage hypothesis— Simpson SJ, Raubenheimer D, Obesity Reviews (2005) · Moderate evidence · Protein Leverage
- Testing protein leverage in lean humans: a randomised controlled experimental study— Gosby AK et al., PLOS ONE (2011) · Moderate evidence · Protein Leverage
- Effect of dietary protein content on weight gain, energy expenditure, and body composition during overeating— Bray GA et al., JAMA (2012) · Strong evidence · Protein Leverage, Exercise & Strength
- Diet induced thermogenesis— Westerterp KR, Nutrition & Metabolism (2004) · Strong evidence · Protein Leverage
- Protein 'requirements' beyond the RDA: implications for optimizing health— Phillips SM, Chevalier S, Leidy HJ, Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism (2016) · Moderate evidence · Protein Leverage, Exercise & Strength
- The role of protein in weight loss and maintenance— Leidy HJ et al., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2015) · Strong evidence · Protein Leverage
- A high-protein diet induces sustained reductions in appetite, ad libitum caloric intake, and body weight despite compensatory changes in diurnal plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations— Weigle DS et al., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2005) · Strong evidence · Protein Leverage
- Lack of an association or an inverse association between low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and mortality in the elderly: a systematic review— Ravnskov U et al., BMJ Open (2016) · Contested · Heart Disease
- Concerning the possibility of a nut— Castelli WP, Archives of Internal Medicine (1992) · Moderate evidence · Heart Disease
- Evaluating the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction and relative and absolute effects of statin treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis— Byrne P et al., JAMA Internal Medicine (2022) · Moderate evidence · Heart Disease
- Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease— Ference BA et al., European Heart Journal (2017) · Strong evidence · Heart Disease
- Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Nuts (PREDIMED)— Estruch R et al., New England Journal of Medicine (2018) · Strong evidence · Heart Disease
- Mediterranean diet, traditional risk factors, and the rate of cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction (Lyon Diet Heart Study)— de Lorgeril M et al., Circulation (1999) · Strong evidence · Heart Disease
- Apolipoprotein B Particles and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review— Sniderman AD et al., JAMA Cardiology (2019) · Strong evidence · Heart Disease
- Personalized Nutrition by Prediction of Glycemic Responses— Zeevi D et al., Cell (2015) · Moderate evidence · Glucose Variability
- Glucotypes reveal new patterns of glucose dysregulation— Hall H et al., PLOS Biology (2018) · Moderate evidence · Glucose Variability
- Activation of oxidative stress by acute glucose fluctuations compared with sustained chronic hyperglycemia— Monnier L et al., JAMA (2006) · Moderate evidence · Glucose Variability
- Postprandial hyperglycemia and cardiovascular disease— Ceriello A, Diabetes Care (2003) · Moderate evidence · Glucose Variability
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring (Standards of Care)— American Diabetes Association, Diabetes Care (2024) · Strong evidence · Glucose Variability
- Effects of continuous glucose monitoring on metrics of glycemic control in diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials— Maiorino MI et al., Diabetes Care (2020) · Strong evidence · Glucose Variability
- The Need for a New Definition of Hypoglycemia in People without Diabetes— Klonoff DC et al., Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology (2024) · Emerging · Glucose Variability
- Stress and body shape: stress-induced cortisol secretion is consistently greater among women with central fat— Epel ES et al., Psychosomatic Medicine (2000) · Moderate evidence · Cortisol & Stress, Women-Specific
- Obesity and cortisol— Björntorp P, Rosmond R, Nutrition (2000) · Moderate evidence · Cortisol & Stress
- Stress, eating and the reward system— Adam TC, Epel ES, Physiology & Behavior (2007) · Moderate evidence · Cortisol & Stress
- Low calorie dieting increases cortisol— Tomiyama AJ et al., Psychosomatic Medicine (2010) · Moderate evidence · Cortisol & Stress, Metabolic Adaptation
- Daily stressors, past depression, and metabolic responses to high-fat meals: a novel path to obesity— Kiecolt-Glaser JK et al., Biological Psychiatry (2015) · Moderate evidence · Cortisol & Stress
- Stress, stress-related disease, and emotional regulation— Sapolsky RM, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (1998) · Mechanism only · Cortisol & Stress
- Role of stress in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome— Rosmond R, Psychoneuroendocrinology (2005) · Moderate evidence · Cortisol & Stress, Insulin Resistance
- Does stress influence sleep patterns, food intake, weight gain, abdominal obesity and weight loss interventions?— Geiker NRW et al., Obesity Reviews (2018) · Moderate evidence · Cortisol & Stress, Metabolic Adaptation